Recently I started my own research about Tangible Optical Apparatus, Media Archaeology, and Expanded Animation. My core direction is about "non-screen based animation" through optical devices that generate motion percepts materially and spatially.​

Research Question How can tangible optical apparatus — mechanical and electro-mechanical devices that generate the illusion of movement without a digital screen — be reconstructed and extended through a media-archaeological methodology to produce new forms of expanded animation, and how might the integration of optical sound or other audiovisual extensions deepen the embodied, multisensory experience of these apparatus for a contemporary viewer? Context and Rationale Expanded animation seeks to release the moving image from the frame of the conventional screen, relocating it into architectural, sculptural, performative space, and even human body. Read through media archaeology — the study of neglected, obsolete, or "dead" media as live resources for contemporary practice — nineteenth-century optical toys (the thaumatrope, phenakistoscope, zoetrope, praxinoscope) and their descendants (mutoscope, magic lantern, moving panorama) offer a still-productive apparatus for rethinking how animation can be built, staged, and encountered as a physical object rather than a projected file. This project asks how such apparatus can be rebuilt, hybridised, and pushed further — for instance by coupling their rotating or flickering mechanisms with optical sound reading, graphical sound, or other audiovisual triggers — to generate new tangible, expanded-animation works. This direction extends prior practice work such as *ChromaMotion*, a CAD pipeline for designing light-reactive, non-screen animated substrates